3.2 Sintaxis SQL

A continuación 27 clásulas SQL básicas

3.2.1 Extracción SQL (11 statements)

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name;

SELECT DISTINCT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name;

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION;

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION-1 {AND|OR} CONDITION-2;

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  column_name IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  column_name BETWEEN val-1 AND val-2;

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  column_name LIKE { PATTERN };

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION
ORDER BY column_name {ASC|DESC};

SELECT SUM(column_name)
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION
GROUP BY column_name;

SELECT COUNT(column_name)
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION;

SELECT SUM(column_name)
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING (arithematic function condition);

3.2.2 Crear/Actualizar/Borrar tablas SQL (8 statements)

CREATE TABLE table_name(
column1 datatype,
column2 datatype,
column3 datatype,
.....
columnN datatype,
PRIMARY KEY( one or more columns )
);

DROP TABLE table_name;

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name
ON table_name ( column1, column2,...columnN);

ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP INDEX index_name;

DESC table_name;

TRUNCATE TABLE table_name;

ALTER TABLE table_name {ADD|DROP|MODIFY} column_name {data_ype};

ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;

3.2.3 Añadir/Actualizar/Borrar tuplas en SQL (3 statements)

INSERT INTO table_name( column1, column2....columnN)
VALUES ( value1, value2....valueN);

UPDATE table_name
SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2....columnN=valueN
[ WHERE  CONDITION ];

DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE  {CONDITION};

3.2.4 Gestión Bases de Datos (5 statements)

CREATE DATABASE database_name;

DROP DATABASE database_name;

USE database_name;

COMMIT;

ROLLBACK;

3.2.5 Ejemplos de consultas SQL

SELECT Nombre, Apellido1, Apellido2, Municipio, Provincia 
FROM Cliente
WHERE Municipio = 'Lugo'
ORDER BY Apellido1

INSERT Proveedor(Nombre, PersonaContacto, Ciudad, País)
VALUES ('Café Candelas', 'Ivana Candelas', 'Lugo', 'España')

UPDATE Pedidos
SET Cantidad = 2
WHERE IdProducto = 963

DELETE Cliente
WHERE Email = 'alexandregb@gmail.com'